But I have a fundamental problem with creationists, and religious people in general. I’m from Québec, which, for the record, is the largest province of Canada, and the territory with the lowest church attendance ratings in North America by a significant margin. I couldn’t say I’ve always been an atheist, but I’ve never been a theist, and I would say I was never really agnostic, either. I was originally going to write a whole entry on the subject of my atheism being normal, so to speak. Most people here are nonpracticing, and many would be called atheists or agnostics, though many are so by convention; it became, in the last couple decades, normal over here to be a nonbeliever or a very discrete believer. If you want to look into the history of the matter, feel free to, but it’s not my specialty, so I’ll spare you that.
The point is this: I’m seventeen, and I’m an atheist. My identification to atheism and the degree of research I’ve done on the matter is probably seen as unusual, but my atheism in itself is a surprise to no one here. I haven’t had to fight for it. All my friends and most, if not all, of my teachers, are also atheists or agnostic. I haven’t ever had to fight for it, and so long as I live here, I don’t think I will have to. However, I identify strongly to those atheists, usually Americans, or people having spent much time in the United States (which I’ll use interchangeably with America, by the way. I would have been opposed with using America to mean the U.S.A. if it were on the rise, but by now it’s an accepted part of the English language, at least spoken.) who have had and still had to fight for their worldview. Many people in Québec would be content to call out the majority of Christians responsible for this obligation to fight as backwards conservative idiots. In fact, I’d go so far as to say that the religious right in the U.S. is near-entirely responsible for the horrible reputation the whole country tends to enjoy over here. The thing is that I’ve grown up with the Internet, and learned English very early, and so I eventually got to know lots of people online. This is how I first learned that creationists were anything more or other than a minority of oddballs who congregated occasionally and were generally laughed at.
Sparing you the exact story of how I came to be an atheist, (it’s far less interesting than most stories on this site, anyway) I considered myself an atheist by that point already, though I didn’t really identify to any kind of movement; I wouldn’t have called myself an atheist, but I was definitely beyond agnosticism. I must have been about twelve or thirteen, so, about five years ago (which makes me feel really damn young, by the way) or so. Realising that people, what you might call a majority, even, were calling for something that seemed so patently false (and turned out to be patently false, or at best toroughly unjustified, any way I could look at it and research it), was really what made me identify to the label of atheist.
Even by that point, though, when the subject came up, which it never did in “real life”, I was generally content to state my strong opinions and support for separation of church and state, and leave it at that. What I think really made me into what American news headlines would love to call a “new atheist”, would be a religious debate that sprang up in the General Discussion section of a forum on which most of my online friends were and still are. We were all about fourteen or fifteen, some a few years older, so it really wasn’t such a good, straight debate. Being a population of nerds, though, atheists/agnostics/ outnumbered Christians, at least in the small part of the forum’s population that took part in the debate. (and this was a predominantly American forum, by a large margin, if that’s consolation to anyone here.) And, again, sparing a long story, we “won”. That is, you can’t really unequivocally win in that kind of a debate, but it became obvious that the other side didn’t make sense.
There were a few other debates on the same forum in recent times, and they were similar, except we’d all grown rather older and so they were much more like real debates. The results, though, were strikingly similar. So, now you know the recent history of my atheism, and how I never had and still don’t have to fight for it in any way, metaphorical or not. The real question is this: what, then, do I have against Creationists that touches me personally and drives me to fight for it by choice? This is an actual question that I was asking myself until recently; I met all kinds of creationists. I loathed some, who ensured that any logical conversation with them was toroughly impossible, but I didn’t mind a minority of them, who were, for the most part, logical and sensible human beings I could relate to on many levels. What is it that, in both of those vastly different archetypes and any in between, drives me to argue with them to the bitter end, usually long after they’ve given up? (except for the very extreme of the former archetype, who will not give up from an apparent ignorance that there exists anything to give up to other than Christianity)
I think I found an answer from my most recent series of argument with a creationist. The person in question is a girl my age from English Canada and, after some relatively fruitless debating, seems to have mellowed a bit and definitely appears to be the most cooperative creationist I’ve met that I would still call by that name, at least as far as I remember. It started with a religious debate on the same forum previously mentioned, but she turned out to try much harder at proper debating than most others did. Eventually we took it to MSN, since the debate didn’t really involve anyone but us anymore.
The first time we argued on MSN was fairly standard stuff. I could mention everything I didn’t like, her tendency to type four words at a time and interrupt me and such, but really, it was what you’d expect, she didn’t really budge. At some point, though, she linked to Kirk Durston’s articles (Google him if you would. I wasn’t aware until recently that he had just as horrible a reputation as he does. Can’t find the place she linked to anymore, but there are several blog entries from scientists who have debated him or witnessed his debates) saying that it had somehow “completely demolished” any chance of evolution being a reasonable position to her. It took me about three hours to read the paper she was pointing to (which was meant for laypeople, although the only argument he had that was not logically unsound was undecipherable to most laypeople, and was, apparently, factually wrong anyway.) and come up with a list of objections, with explanations as to why, which I’ll spare you. Durston also had written another layperson’s paper on the subject of “Christianity, killing, and Atheism” which commited exactly the fallacy you would expect: selecting only a few historical events where Christian authorities had specifically sanctioned or demanded a massacre, while accounting all deaths of the modern communist regimes to atheism, regardless of the actual cause of those regimes, which weren’t actually founded on atheism in any meaningful way. She also mentioned C.S. Lewis’ Mere Christianity, so I provided links to more complete criticisms of the book than I could provide. (I really don’t think there’s any part of Lewis’ apologetic credibility left for me to remove, anyway, honestly.)
Now that I read the last paragraph, I realise I sound a bit high-and-mighty and such. That’s not how I want to come across. I think most people who’ve argued with creationists can agree, the part about destroying creationism isn’t very difficult if you just do a bit of research. It’s the creationists themselves that are difficult.
So, my rebuttals were sent by e-mail, from school. A couple days later, we start arguing again and, though she never says so quite straight, she seems to conceed that her previous arguments were wrong. She makes no direct mention of them (not using arguments I just refuted is probably worth extra points in itself) and is now saying that creationism doesn’t imply the absence of evolution, which is true, and she’s generally much more willing to discuss, and the discussion turns to the existence of God and creationism in general, not opposed to evolution. So, I make my general case for atheism, that there is, for all intents and purposes, no God, and no evidence of one that isn’t wildly subjective, and that under those conditions, postulating an omnipotent being is the unreasonable thing. Again, things were going much better at this point and it actually felt like a conversation that wasn’t being had in vain. Then we turn to the First Cause argument. I’d already explained to her why it was faulty, but she reused the exact same excuse for God’s “uncausedness” as she did the previous time, (scratch those previously-mentioned brownie points, I guess) that God was “supernatural”, and that therefore not subject to the same rules of nature. I’d already told her that this was a synonym, not an explanation; “supernatural” is the adjective we give to things which break laws of nature, not a justification for the laws being broken. I tried something different from the first time, though. I explained that, in theory, it was possible that things simply always existed, or that the Big Bang was an event that led to the Universe being as it is now, that it may not have been a cause of the Universe’s existence, but simply an event in it. I still agreed to the First Cause for the sake of argument, in an attempt to show her how it didn’t work. When I asked why it was that God could always have been there, but the Universe could not. She said something about God being supernatural, again. Repeat two or three times, with somewhat different scenarios from me and not-quite-identical answers from her. Then I tried a full explanation of why it didn’t work, instead of an analogy.
Then I think she got what I meant, and then she told me, quickly and not impolitely, that even if I did prove her wrong (my wording is ambiguous here. I’m not sure exactly what her words were again, but she didn’t clearly imply I’d actually proved her wrong. I can’t find the right way to put it.) it wouldn’t change her belief. And then she quickly changed the subject to casual talk. And because we’d been arguing for an hour and I had to go soon, anyway, I didn’t object. And when it was over and done, and I was thinking the whole thing over, I figured what it was that made me want to argue, that touched me personally even though I was free of the prejudice that many atheists face.
Yeah, this is where I actually get to the real, final point of this entry. That’s why it’s filed under Testimony.
It’s this wall that came up at the last second. This will, not directly acknowledged but definitely present, to stop all meaningful exchange of ideas, this will to not take into account the consequences of facts they can’t ignore. Not all of them draw the line at the same point; some will draw the line and refuse any kind of meaningful discourse as soon as you question the unquestioning devotion to “their” God. Others are willing to go further. I think that was the furthest I’ve seen, and that’s why I noticed. At first she drew the line early, and simply didn’t listen. Then, I have no idea why, but she listened, and behaved more like she would if we’d been talking about anything else. And then that wall came back. I think it’s that metaphorical wall that drives me to argue, not just because it’s frustrating (and it is) but because it’s… I’m not sure how far I can push it here, but I’m going to go with “potentially unhealthy”. And that’s putting it mildly, because that was a mild case. She wasn’t and is not stupid. But to unconsciously draw a line where one stops thinking, to put it bluntly, is something I can’t stand.
If people did not break those walls of presupposed faith, as they occasionally do, then there would have been no Alfred Kinsey, no Charles Darwin, to use the obvious example. No Karl Marx, no Emile Durkheim, and I question whether there would have been an Albert Einstein. There would have been no Ferdinand Magellan, no Giordano Bruno, no Thomas Jefferson. Name them. I tried to be original, and name at least a couple that people might not expect or know of, but there are more than one can count.
Maybe it’s because of where I live, because if those walls had not been broken, there would have been no Jean Lesage, no René Lévesque, and more generally because my province, which I see much like a country, though I don’t consider myself separatist, would still be the corrupt mess it once was, with the government-hired, church-funded “security” at voting booths threatning to break your legs if you don’t vote Union Nationale.
No, I don’t think religion intends to reinstate that kind of thing. Maybe it does, I don’t think so. But it remains that, without people to break down that wall, whether it’s theirs or someone else’s, and erase that line drawn by dogmatism, things would not have changed here, and they would not have changed elsewhere. And I contend that, if people did not occasionally break down that wall, most people on this site would not be here. The reason I don’t have to fight for my rights, don’t have anyone trying to strip me of them, or telling me that I already have been stripped of some of them, is because people broke down that wall. And that wall, that unconscious line that dogma draws in a person, at which point they stop thinking properly, is my problem with creationism in particular, for its anti-science roots, and my problem with religion at large, to whatever extent it applies. Breaking barriers is a tired metaphor, but I think at least this time, it’s the best there is.
I hope you found my story was worthwhile. Hopefully the text wasn’t too clunky and blockish for most people. I don’t call for religion to be outlawed or forcefully removed. I call for it to be questioned, through and through. That should be enough. It has been enough. If it isn’t, we’ll see then.
The following is a guest post by OpenDiary blogger Atheist Under Ur Bed. This is part of an ongoing series that will be posted each Monday. You can read the introduction to this series by clicking here.
Gee, sometimes a lesson is just so fascinating, Monday School ends up lasting right through Wednesday! Hope no one minds too much….
Here are 5 more ways that science and logic invalidate the Bible:
14) Talking Animals
Genesis 3:1-5
says that a serpent spoke to Eve. Numbers 22:28-30
says that Balaam’s ass spoke to him. The Song of Solomon 2:12
says that turtles have voices. Science tells us that animals can’t and don’t speak. The Bible’s accounts of the serpent and the ass are further undermined by the fact that neither Eve nor Balaam react with surprise when these animals speak. These accounts simply lack psychological credibility – but do closely resemble fables (like Aesop’s) which no one believes to be literally true.
15) Mythical Animals
The Bible repeatedly refers to mythical animals as if they actually exist. Jeremiah 8:17
and Isaiah 11:8
refer to cockatrices (snakes with a deadly glance which allegedly hatch from a cock’s egg). Deuteronomy 33:17
, Psalms 22:21
and 29:6, and Job 39:9-10
refer to unicorns. Numbers 21:6
refers to fiery serpents. Isaiah 30:6
refers to flying serpents. Isaiah 13:21
and 34:14 refer to satyrs. Science dismisses all these creatures as wild imaginings on a par with those of other ancient religions and mythologies.
16) Those Amazing Fetuses
Genesis 25:22
says that the twins Jacob and Esau fought with each other while still in the womb. Luke 1:44
claims that a fetus can hear, understand, and react intelligently to human speech. Science tells us that fetuses lack the ability to do these things.
17) Impossible Solar Activity
Joshua 10:13
says that the sun stood still for hours. 2 Kings 20:11
says that the sun actually went backwards 10 degrees on the sundial one day. Sciences says “No way!” for multiple reasons. Historians agree, since somehow these incredible performances of the sun utterly escaped the notice of virtually everyone on Earth. The Chinese, for instance, were recording eclipses thousands of years ago, yet the Bible would have us believe that they weren’t paying attention when the sun stood still or went backwards.
18) Inexplicable Darkness
Mark 15:33
says that “And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole of the land until the ninth hour.” Science can provide no logical explanation for such darkness. Nobody seems to have noted this darkness except for the writer of Mark 15:33
.
19) Samson
Judges 16
tells us that a man can derive great strength from the hair on his head. Science tells us that a man’s strength is determined by his genes, his health, his diet, and his willingness to exercise and/or take steroids.
20) Jonah
The Bible’s Book of Jonah says that Jonah was swallowed by a great fish and that he lived in the belly of the fish for three days. Science knows of no fish that can swallow a man whole. Jesus says that it was a whale in Matthew 12:40
, but marine biologists say that the throat of such creatures would have trouble accommodating a grapefruit. How a man might actually live within the oxygen-deprived belly of a fish for three whole days staggers the imagination.
21) Matters Of The Flesh
1 Corinthians 15:39
says, “All flesh is not the same flesh: but there is one kind of flesh of men, another flesh of beasts, another of fishes, and another of birds.” Modern biologists would disagree since the physical similarities between humans and animals far outweigh the differences. Evolutionists say that humans, animals, fish, and birds share common ancestors and are related to each other. Humans and chimps share about 99% of their genetic material. If the Bible was right, we couldn’t transplant a baboon’s liver into a human; we couldn’t transplant the heart valves of pigs into humans; it would be pointless to test drugs on lab animals; and there wouldn’t be so many diseases common to both animals and people.
22) Cosmic Divisions
1 Corinthians 15:40-41
says that heavenly bodies are different than the Earth, that the sun differs significantly from other stars, and that the stars differ significantly from each other. One of the landmark achievements of science was the discovery that heavenly bodies are in fact made of the same elements as are found on Earth, and that they obey the same laws of physics. Modern astronomers assure us that our sun is nothing special in the vast scheme of things. The stars can be grouped into a relatively few types. Quasars, pulsars, and black holes seem to be much more special – but the Bible is utterly silent about them.
23) Dead Men Walking
The Bible, of course, claims that Jesus rose from the dead. It also says that Jesus raised Lazarus from the dead. Matthew 27:52-53
says that when Jesus died, “graves were opened; and many bodies of the saints which slept arose, and came out of the graves after his resurrection, and went into the holy city, and appeared unto many.” Science says that dead is dead. A brain deprived of oxygen for more than 7 minutes suffers irreparable damage. Corpses decay. If anybody has ever seen the corpses of the saints walking around Jerusalem, the only person who thought to write it down was the author of Matthew 27
– years after the fact.
24) A Highly Suggestive Silence
Besides all the things the Bible says which science disagrees with, there are all the things science has taught us that the Bible oddly has nothing to say about at all. It doesn’t mention bacteria, viruses, extinction, the dinosaurs, Neanderthal man, the ice ages, fossils, continental drift, genetics, atoms, the solar system, galaxies, Earth’s bombardment by space debris (some of which has produced far more disastrous effects than any flood), the New World, the Orient, India, mathematics, the purpose of body organs, the basic facts of human reproduction, the biochemical causes of madness, electricity, radio waves, or the hundreds of other things scientific investigation has revealed to us over the course of the last 2000 years. Many if not all of these things are impossible to reconcile with the Bible’s Creation story and/or the worldview of its authors. If the Bible was really inspired by God, how could it be so silent about so many important and fundamental things? If the Bible wasn’t in fact written by uninspired humans who lived in ignorance in one small part of the ancient world, why does it so thoroughly reflect the severe limitations and flaws of such humans?
The following is a guest post by OpenDiary blogger Atheist Under Ur Bed. This is part of an ongoing series that will be posted each Monday. You can read the introduction to this series by clicking here.
Continuing now to examine the many ways science and the Bible conflict:
3) Giants
Genesis 6:4
says that giants once lived on Earth. There is no evidence to support this claim. In fact, there are basic laws of physics and of physiology which prevent humans from reaching gigantic proportions.
4) Human Longevity
The Bible says that ancient people lived to be hundreds of years old. (Methuselah allegedly lived 969 years.) The evidence suggests that ancient people were lucky to make it to 50. There is also good reason to believe that life span is biologically determined for each species, and that the life span for humans is fixed at between 85 and 95 years. Genesis 6:3
, however, quotes God as saying that men shall live 120 years.
5) The Flood
The Bible says that Noah’s Flood covered the entire Earth about 2400 B.C. Archeologists who have excavated Jericho, however, have found it continuously occupied back to 8000 B.C. without interruption or evidence of any flood. No evidence of such a flood, in fact, has ever been found in Israel. Apart from the annual flooding associated with the Nile, no flood is mentioned in the records of ancient Egypt, either.
6) The Rainbow
A) Genesis 9:11-17
says that the rainbow was the result of a special act of creation, circa 2401 B.C. Science says that it results from light being refracted by water droplets and has existed for as long as there has been light and rain.
B) Genesis also says that the rainbow serves as a reminder or mnemonic device for God – that He set the rainbow in the sky so that He would remember His promise never again to kill off all flesh with a flood. Logic tells us that an all-knowing being like God does not need reminders.
C) Logically speaking, the significance of God’s promise is elusive, given that floods still occur which kill some flesh, and He reserves the right to kill all flesh off by other means.
Bottom line: It is far more sensible to believe that the Bible’s story of the rainbow was concocted by ancient, ignorant people in an attempt to explain a natural phenomenon they couldn’t understand than that an all-knowing, all-good God would act this way.
7) The Tower of Babel
A) Genesis 11:6-9
says that the multitude of human languages appeared suddenly after God grew fearful of what humanity could accomplish with its common language when it started building a tower to heaven. Modern linguists believe that human language arose quite naturally in many places and times, and has evolved over time.
B) Logic tells us that a common human language couldn’t pose any kind of threat to an all-powerful being.
C) Elementary science tells us that God’s heaven isn’t a place that can be reached by a tower. No such place has ever been detected.
D) From an engineering standpoint, God’s heaven couldn’t have been reached by an ancient tower even if it had existed just beyond Earth’s atmosphere. Buildings as tall as modern skyscrapers weren’t possible until the invention of iron and steel framing in the 19th century. The tallest man-made structure ever built on Earth is less than a third of a mile high. The Earth’s atmosphere extends to a height of approximately 120 miles. Humans without special breathing apparatus lose consciousness at a height of less than 6 miles.
8) God Fails Biology 101
A) Leviticus 11:5-6
says that hares chew their cud. Nope.
B) Leviticus 11:13-19
indicates that the bat is a bird. Nope.
C) Leviticus 11:20
says that some fowl have four feet. Nope.
D) Leviticus 11:22-23
says that some insects have four legs. Science defines an insect as having six legs. Nothing like an insect with four legs has ever been discovered.
9) No Visible Means Of Support
1 Samuel 2:8
says that the Earth rests on pillars – a rather common idea in antiquity. Science, of course, says that the Earth rests on nothing at all.
10) Did You Feel The Earth Move?
1 Chronicles 16:30
indicates that the Earth doesn’t move – a common idea until Copernicus (c. 1500 A.D.). Science tells us that the Earth quakes, rotates, wobbles, orbits the sun, moves along with one of the spiral arms of the Milky Way, and moves with that galaxy as it travels through the universe.
11) A Flat Earth?
Isaiah 11:12
and Revelation 7:1
say that the Earth has four corners. Job 37:3
refers to the ends or edges of the Earth. Matthew 4:8
and Luke 4:5
says that Jesus could see all the kingdoms of the Earth from the top of a tall mountain. Today, of course, we know that the Earth is a sphere that has neither edges nor corners and that all lands cannot be seen from a single point no matter how high up we go.
12) The Mustard Seed
Matthew 13:31-32
says that the mustard seed is the smallest of all seeds, yet grows into a tree. Botanists know of many seeds that are smaller. No tree exists in the mustard family.
13) Dead Seeds Germinate?
John 12:24
quotes Jesus as saying that unless a seed of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it cannot give birth to a new plant. Today we know that no seed that dies can sprout. Jesus seems to have been deceived by appearances, or to have misspoke – neither of which traits are compatible with divinity.
The following is a guest post by OpenDiary blogger Atheist Under Ur Bed. This is part of an ongoing series that will be posted each Monday. You can read the introduction to this series by clicking here.
Welcome back to Monday School! “The Fast-Acting Antidote For Any Mind Poisons They May Have Fed You Yesterday!”
Today’s Lesson: Does Science Confirm Or Refute The Bible?
Many people seem to believe that there is no conflict between modern scientific knowledge and the Bible. Many say that science and the Bible either reveal a common truth, or deal with truths that do not overlap.
I disagree with both these sets of people. I believe an objective examination of the evidence reveals many sharp disagreements between the findings of science and many of the specific truth claims of the Bible.
Consider:
1) Miracles
The Bible claims many miracles have occurred. That is to say, the Bible claims that God and His agents have repeatedly intervened in human affairs in ways which defy the known laws of physics. Creation was a miracle. The Flood was a miracle. The plagues sent to Egypt were miracles. The parting of the Red Sea was a miracle. The ancient Hebrews won wars with the help of miracles. Mary’s conception of Jesus was a miracle, his birth was heralded by miracles, he performed miracles, his resurrection was a miracle, his followers allegedly can perform miracles, his return will be another miracle. Miracles by their very nature are contrary to science and logic. Science and logic depend upon natural laws operating predictably and always, everywhere. Miracles – by definition – constitute a violation of natural law. To say that something is a miracle is to say that in a certain place, at a certain time, the laws of logic and science were violated. By their very nature, miracles are beyond the reach of rationality.
Taking it one step further: Science and logic say that when two explanations explain a set of facts equally well, the simpler explanation is to be preferred. If facts and forces we know exist can explain an event, there is no need to hypothesize unknown facts and forces.
The Bible presents us with mere words on paper. Those words claim that countless miracles have occurred. One explanation for these claims is that these miracles somehow actually occurred. Other explanations include that the people who wrote about or allegedly witnessed these miracles were hallucinating, mistaken about what they saw, or lying. Science and logic demand that we believe these latter explanations before we believe the former. After all, we know that people hallucinate, make poor witnesses, and lie. We have no reason to believe that the laws of physics can be violated.
But the Bible actually expects us to believe these miracles occurred instead. And its authors apparently expect us to believe they occurred without offering us anyevidence. They don’t understand that extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence – not blind faith. In this they are profoundly anti-science and illogical.
Finally, even if we grant that the miracles of the Bible did occur, that is no reason to grant that they prove what the Bible or its followers claim they do. Once one denies the connection between reality and science/logic, all bets are off. Reality becomes chaotic – not necessarily God-directed. The Bible itself seems to understand this when it says that Pharaoh’s own magicians performed miracles (Deut. 13:1-3
), and again when it says that false Christs shall arise and perform miracles of their own (Matt. 24:23-24
and Mark 13:21-22
). If miracles can have an ungodly cause, they cannot be used to prove God. In effect – according to the very Bible which claims their existence – miracles are irrelevant and pointless.
2) Creation
The Bible story of Creation contradicts modern science in many, many ways. Among them:
A) Figures given by the Bible allow one to calculate that the universe was created approximately 6000 years ago. Science calculates the age of the universe to be between 10 billion and 20 billions years. (Many stars exist which are so far away that it has taken far longer than 6000 years for their light to reach us.)
B) The Bible says everything was created in 6 days. Science says that things have been continuously created (and destroyed) for billions of years.
C) The Bible says that things were created in their present form and have not significantly changed since their creation. Science says that both living and non-living things have evolved, changing their forms many times over the eons, and often spinning off whole new forms.
D) The Bible says that the sun wasn’t created until the fourth day. Since a day is defined as the time between sunrises (or between sunrise and sunset), there is no logical basis on which to distinguish the first three days. Similarly, there is no basis for saying that there was a morning and an evening on each of these first three days of creation as the Bible says there was.
E) The Bible says that the Earth was created before the sun. Science says that the sun came before the Earth.
F) The Bible says that vegetation was created on the third day and the sun on the fourth. Science says that the sun came into existence long before vegetation.
G) The Bible says that vegetation was created on the third day and that life arose in the sea on the fifth day. Science says that life existed in the sea long before it existed on land.
H) The Bible says that fish and birds were both created on the fifth day. Science says that fish appeared long before birds did.
I) The Bible says that creeping reptiles were formed on the sixth day – one day after the birds. Science says that birds appeared after such reptiles and most likely evolved from them.
J) Genesis 1:30
says that all animals were created as plant-eaters. Where then did the carnivores come from? (Note: Exodus 20:11
says that everything was created in the first six days.)
K) The Bible says that water was one of the first things God created and that it existed before the sun and stars. Science says that oxygen – one of the basic chemical components of water – didn’t exist for possibly a billion years after the Big Bang and was made (like most elements) within stars.
L) The Bible says that God separated Earth’s land from its seas on the third day. Science says that it took about 250,000,000 years after the formation of the Earth for the Earth to cool enough for water to exist on it in liquid form.
On Tuesday night I saw a local Imam (Muslim congregational leader) give a short presentation on the basic doctrines and beliefs of Islam followed by a question and answer session.
Among the questions he addressed a few involved issues of morality. For example, the Qu’ran does not condemn slavery and in the Sahih al-Bukhari Mohammad marries a 6 year old girl. The Imam gave the following explanation: Basically, you have to take into account the historical context of the time and the fact that slavery was generally practiced and considered okay, while marrying off girls at young ages was acceptable.
Okay. I certainly do not dispute that. However, the Qu’ran is supposed to be the absolute perfect word of God and Mohammad a moral exemplar (after all, he was in direct communication with God). A cultural contextual explanation makes sense if one considers religions, including Islam, as being man made. After all, the people who helped create and shape the religion cannot be expected to absolutely escape the context of their time. If this is the case, then one should expect the morality of the Qu’ran and other holy books to be relative to their time and place. No big revelation there.
However, the perfect Creator of the Universe is not bound by such constraints. All that it would have taken was a single line in the Qu’ran that stated unambiguously that “Slavery is wrong.” Period. Muslims of the day would have had no choice but to submit to this commandment (presumably, the all powerful and all wise Creator of the Universe could have at least requested at a far earlier date in human history that people cannot own slaves). As a friend of mine at the meeting said to me, the Imam seems to be saying that God only legislates certain moral principles when it is socially expedient.
What about Mohammad marrying a six year old and consumating his marriage when the girl was nine? By all standards today, that is immoral. Marrying a pre-pubescent girl was probably even pushing it in that day. Mohammad was, supposedly, God’s final prophet. Even if God did not explicitly order this marriage He certainly permitted it, thereby implicitly sanctioning it. Again, why would the all powerful and all wise creator of the universe give in to social pressures or even embrace social practices that even our humble selves today can clearly recognize as morally repungent? It is too absurd to even consider.
The question of the opression of women in certain Muslim countries was also raised. The Imam gave a similar answer. He said that this behavior is part of that particular culture and does not come from Islam iteself.
Right! But why is it a part of that particular culture? Isn’t Islam itself an integral part of that particular culture? Why don’t I hear these people justifying their brutal oppression of women as “cultural” rather than explicitly religious? These ideas do not come from a vague notion of ‘culture’ they come from their particular interpretation of Islam and they have no qualms with saying as much.
That’s about as much as I can take for now.
The following is a guest post by OpenDiary blogger Atheist Under Ur Bed. This is part of an ongoing series that will be posted each Monday. You can read the introduction to this series by clicking here.
Hey, it’s Monday! Time once again for (yes – you guessed it!) Monday School! “The Cure For All Those Anti-Intellectual Viruses You Picked Up In Church Yesterday!”
Today’s Lesson: Can Science And The Bible Be Reconciled?
YES! Exactly like a square peg and a round hole can be reconciled! You just need a big enough hammer and the will to use it.
Don’t have a hammer on you? Dedicated to rational reconciliation which doesn’t do violence to the mind? Then I’m afraid you’ve got at least two major problems: 1) Science and the Bible use two very different methods to understand the world; 2) Science and the Bible repeatedly describe that world in very different ways.
Both of these problems are HUGE, and the basic conflicts they describe seem not to allow for any reconciliation despite what a lot of people seem to think.
This week, let’s focus just on problem #1 and the many ways the scientific method differs from the ways of the Bible.
Consider:
1) Science doubts everything.
The Bible asserts that there are some things that we simply must not doubt (such as the existence of God and the resurrection of Jesus).
2) Science and the logic which underpins it assert that nothing should be believed without adequate proof.
The Bible indicates that we ought to believe what it says without proof. (See Mark 8:12
and John 20:29
for two examples.) Bible believers try to shift the burden of proof onto those who would challenge the Bible’s claims. They fail to realize that if every belief and claim were to be accepted as true until it is proved false, an awful lot of nonsense would have to be believed – much of it contradictory and dangerous. There would be no easy way to resolve the innumerable problems which would arise, and much time would be wasted in the attempt.
3) Scientists observe.
They collect evidence. Hypotheses are drawn and tested. Tentative conclusions are made, submitted for peer review, debated, then tested and re-tested. Knowledge evolves. The Bible, in contrast, sets forth dogma. When that dogma conflicts with logic and observation, we are expected to believe the Bible instead of our eyes and common sense. For the fundamentalist Bible believer, evidence isn’t given an impartial evaluation but is accepted or rejected on the basis of whether or not it agrees with preconceived conclusions. Tentativeness is frowned upon while unwarranted confidence and certainty are praised. Knowledge and ethical standards remain frozen as they existed when the Bible was written.
4) Science values rationality and open-mindedness.
It teaches us that progress depends upon open debate between those holding different viewpoints. Evidence and ideas are to be judged on their merits and not on the basis of who happens to be putting them forth. The Bible, on the other hand, consistently relies upon fear mongering, name calling, brute force, and the threat of brute force to create and maintain belief. From Adam and Eve, through Moses and Pharaoh, down through the conquest of the Promised Land, the exhortations of the prophets, and the New Testament’s threats of Doomsday and Hell, the Bible is short on sound reasoning and long on physical and mental coercion. Instead of valuing other opinions, it warns those who believe in it to avoid those agents of the devil who don’t. (See Matt. 10:14-15
; 1 Tim. 6:3-5
; Titus 3:9-11
; and 1 John 2:22
.) The Bible even orders the slaughter of those who disagree (Luke 19:27
). When believers in the dogma of the Bible have collided with those who hold other dogmas (or other interpretations of its own dogmas), interminable bloody conflicts such as exist in the Mideast and Northern Ireland have resulted.
5) Science values knowledge and believes the more we know, the better off we are.
The Bible is deeply suspicious of knowledge, at best. Its Adam and Eve were forbidden to learn about good and evil and punished for acquiring that knowledge. The builders of the Tower of Babel were similarly punished for overstepping their “proper” intellectual and technological bounds. Ecclesiastes 1:18
makes it explicit: “He that increaseth knowledge increaseth sorrow.” The Old Testament’s God ordered the Hebrews to destroy whole kingdoms lest knowledge of foreign religions corrupt them. In Matt. 11:25
, Jesus thanks God for keeping knowledge of His ways from the wise and prudent. 1 Cor. 3:18-19
sums it up: “If any man among you seemeth to be wise in this world, let him become a fool, that he may be wise. For the wisdom of this world is foolishness with God.”
Clearly, the Bible denies those who disagree with it the right to disagree. Because those who disagree have knowledge and reason on their side, the Bible is forced to attack knowledge itself as evil. In place of knowledge, it demands child-like trust. Instead of rewarding the wise, it rewards the ignorant, the passive, and the gullible. Is it really a coincidence that Jesus’s first disciples were ignorant fishermen? Can we ever forget that scientists from Copernicus to Galileo to Darwin had to fight the Christian churches in order to enlarge our knowledge of the world? Is it any wonder that Bible believers today remain among the most vociferous advocates of censorship?
6) Science and logic indicate that a calm impartiality is the state of mind most likely to lead us to the truth.
The Bible indicates that putting the fear of God into everyone is the best way to get them to the only truth that allegedly matters. It appeals to, inflames, and manipulates those emotions which psychologists and psychiatrists believe cloud our view of the truth and, at worst, can generate outright delusion.
7) Science and logic value careful organization, as well as clarity of thought and expression.
The Bible is often murky and obscure, and an unorganized mess. The indecipherable Book of Revelation reads like an insane rant. In Mark 4:11-12
, Jesus actually says he speaks in parables so as to confuse those he doesn’t want saved.
8) Science and logic demand that belief conform to rationality.
Tertullian, Martin Luther, and other Bible believers have asserted just the opposite, choosing to believe in the Bible precisely because it is absurd. As 1 Cor. 4:10
puts it, “We are fools for Christ’s sake.” It is interesting that such believers themselves admit that the Bible is absurd. It is stunning to see such absurdity absurdly put forward as grounds for belief. Apparently it isn’t obvious and must be said again and again: If absurdity is grounds for belief, then anything may be believed. In their pursuit of the God of the Bible, such “thinkers” have ended up embracing utter chaos.
NEXT WEEK: A look at some of the very different things science and the Bible have to say about the world at large. Reserve your tickets NOW!
I live in California. And no, I am not happy about the passing of Proposition 8. A league of Catholic Bishops just recently issued a statement defending their support of Proposition 8 in light of the on going protests. I think that this statement is a nice illustration of how to make lame and bigoted arguments. The bishop’s arguments basically boil down to these four:
1) “The radical change in the definition of marriage to include same-sex partners discounts both history and biology.”
2) Same-sex marriage “ignores how deeply marriage—as the union of a man and a woman—is embedded in our culture, language, and laws.”
3) It is foundational “for the well-being of children and the flourishing of society.”
4) “Under present law domestic partners continue to have the rights and benefits of married couples in the State of California. It is our conviction that it is not necessary to change the definition of marriage to protect those rights and benefits. It is our hope that all those engaged in discourse on this issue will do so respectfully and in a civil manner.”
The first three arguments could have, conceivably, been used by a white person in the 19th century to defend the “institution” of slavery! Consider:
1) The abolition of slavery discounts both history (check your bibles) and the obvious biological superiority of whites over blacks.
2) Slavery is embedded in southern culture, language, and laws.
3) Slavery is foundational for the well-being of (white) children and the flourishing of southern society and our economy.
See how easy it is to make these same bigoted arguments?
Oh yes, there is still the matter of number four. This is the old “separate but equal” refrain and let’s remember how effective that was during the struggle for black civil rights!
Last night I attended a debate/conversation between Christopher Hitchens, author of God is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything, and Rabbi David Wolpe, introduced as America’s number one Rabbi (I kid not). I was there along with the Conversational Atheist and Ben from Create Cognitive Dissonance. Ben wrote up his impressions here.
This is my summary of the debate portion taken from my notes:
David Wolpe
Wolpe presented first. He noted that there was, in fact, a time before monotheism, and this was a savage and bloddthirsty time. Thus, one cannot say that monotheism (ie, the western monotheistic religions) was responsible for introducing more violence. Rather, the monotheistic faiths changed the expectation of how we are to behave in a postive direction. Rome, a violent, conquering, and war-like empire, fell because of Christianity. Suddenly, because of Christian values and ethics, people became nicer and the barbarian tribes succeeded in taking advantage of this.
Wolpe stated quite clearly that the inquisition was bad. Very bad. However, it was nothing like what came after the French Revolution and what was perpetuated by godless societies. This is what happens when you extract religion from society. It falls apart into moral decay.
But, at the same time, Wolpe claims that religion does not cause wars, humans cause wars because it is a part of human nature. Religion comes in and tries to work against human nature and its propensity towards war and violence by revealing a universal standard of morality. Human nature alone is not enough to explain altrusitic behavior.
As an aside, Wolpe noted that asrophysics demonstrates that it is a “miracle” that we are even here. The material world – the “world of stuff” – could not have given rise to consciousness, poetry, literature, etc. Finally, it is impossible to talk about or describe God, who is inifinte. It is only possible to talk to God and form a relationship with Him. God “makes sense but cannot be explained by sense alone.”
Christopher Hitchens
Hitchens began by asking that, if what the Rabbi says about the moral powers of faith is valid for one faith, is it also valid for all faiths? If it was empirically valid that faith provides these things, then it would follow that faith leads to moral superiority. But it clearly does not. Faith does not give any particular individual any moral advantage over anybody else. Quoting Thomas Jefferson, if there was a just God, why would I tremble?
Rather, religion is essentially the evasion of moral authority by giving up all moral questions to God – the celestial, unchanging, and eternal dictator in the sky. That move, he said, is in fact an immoral one.
Hitchens then proposed the following challenge to Wolpe and the audience: Name me an ethical statement made or an action performed by a believer that could not have been made or performed by a non-believer.
Then, as a reversal of the challenge, Hitchens rhetorically asked: Can you think of a wicked action taken explicitly because of some religious faith? The answer to this question is a definitive ‘yes’.
Aftermath
The rebuttals are a bit more difficult to describe because they tend to jump all over the place. Wolpe made the remark that Thomas Jefferson owned slaves but that Moses had “let slaves go” (nevermind the provisions in the Old Testament for how to treat your own slaves!). In response to Hitchen’s remark that we are half a chromosome away from the monkeys, Wolpe said that, yes, we are animals but we are not just animals. From whence, he asked, comes the obligation to do good? Religions cause divisions but it is never just religion. God charged us to make the world a better place (where?).
Hitchen’s basically responded to the question that often gets asked of atheists: how can you believe in a worldview that is so unpleasant? Well, it is a simple matter of fact and not a matter of affirmation or belief. We have a moral duty to ourselves and to others because that is what is advantageous for us as a society, not because of a supernatural decree. The believer typically claims that without God all things are permissible. Whether or not you agree with that statement, isn’t the reverse at least equally if not more true? With God all things are permissible? Anything can be justified through faith or with the claim that God has commanded it.
Near the end, Wolpe conceded that there was some inate moral sense in all of us, believer or not, but attributed this to God the Creator. Hitchens noted that this was perfectly explainable in terms of evolution, as many other animal species exhibit (in-group) morality.
~
There was a lot more interesting and entertaining back and forth that I did not capture in my notes and that I cannot really express here. Hitchens was on top of his game. Wople appeared to me to be somewhat wishy-washy and he frequently retreated to making abstract statements. He readily admitted that religious traditions evolve historically over time and would not categorically state that religions other than Judaism are false – rather, different people take different “paths” or develop their relationships with God in different ways. This to me makes God seem like an obscurantist who will drop hints of His existence but refuses to clear up all of this confusion of doctrines and dogmas. Hitchens, of course, agreed that religions evolved over time because they are man made and offered Wolpe a chance to retract his statement (he responded by reaffirming it with greater force).
The event was held at my local Jewish Community Center, so I assumed that the audience would be more sympathetic to Rabbi Wolpe. That did not appear to be the case at all. Hitchens asked the audience to raise a hand if you believed that religion makes people more likely to be moral, and I counted about 5 hands in a theater that sat at least a hundred people, if not more. Many of the questions asked during the Q & A were critical of the Rabbi and at least one questioner (a grandmotherly lady) was somewhat hostile towards him. The people with whom I chatted afterwards were also sympathetic towards Hitchens and I noticed that a lot of people were carrying Hitchen’s book rather than Wolpe’s (both during the event and in line for signing).
Bottom line: About this question of whether religion makes people behave better or worse: As far as I am concerned, it is enough that religions have done at least some bad things given that none of them are demonstrably true.
Well, it is about that time a year again when Christians in the United States complain about a ‘war on Christmas’ supposedly waged between secularists and believers who want to see greater acknowledgement of Christmas and Jesus in the public sphere. This year it looks like it is my fellow unbelievers who are kicking off this annual tradition with the following ads which are now appearing in the D.C. areay (sponsored by the American Humanist Association):

As expected, some Christians are already viewing this as a direct attack on Christmas or an effort to destroy the holiday (see, for example, this lovely blog post). Fox News has already made fun of the ads by taking a shot at the idea that atheists feel lonely during the holidays. Brian Kilmeade of Fox and Friends, for example, offered the following alternative slogans:
”A lot of times during the holidays, we don’t think enough about people who don’t think enough about the holidays.”
“There’s nobody’s birth to celebrate, so give an atheist a hug.”
“Atheists should get together and not celebrate all at once.”
The point about these ads is simply this: They are not seeking to destroy Christmas or even compete with it. Rather, it is an attempt to reach out to other atheists, agnostics, and non-believers to let them know that there are groups of like-minded people and they do not have to feel alone while others partake in religious celebrations. This is precisely how Fred Edwords, spokesman for American Humansts, put it to the Associated Press:
“We are trying to reach our audience, and sometimes in order to reach an audience, everybody has to hear you,” said Fred Edwords. “Our reason for doing it during the holidays is there are an awful lot of agnostics, atheists and other types of non-theists who feel a little alone during the holidays because of its association with traditional religion.”
Once again, as expected, any assertion of our independence from a religious holiday (or at least the traditional, religious aspects of it, if you consider the rampant commercialism and secular infusions into Christmas celebrations), is taken as a full frontal assault or worse some twisted desire to take Christmas away from Christians. Nonsense. What is at issue here is this underlying presumption that atheists who live in a United States dominated by Christians we are therefore somehow expected to shut up and conform to Christian traditions and holidays.
Yeah – happy holidays, indeed!
The following is a guest post by OpenDiary blogger Atheist Under Ur Bed. This is part of an ongoing series that will be posted each Monday. You can read the introduction to this series by clicking here.
Hi, kids! As promised yesterday, here now is the final session of this week’s special set of Monday School classes dealing with Genesis chapters 6 through 8. Have fun! And remember: Talking amongst yourselves and passing notes is not merely allowed – it’s encouraged!
16) Water, water everywhere – but not a drop of logic
Where did all the water for the Flood come from? How did it cover the highest mountains in a mere 40 days (as Gen. 7:19-20
says it did)? Where did it all go after “every living substance was destroyed which was upon the face of the ground” (Gen. 7:23
)?
“The book of Genesis says of the Flood that ‘… all the high hills that were under the whole of heaven were covered…’ Taken literally, this seems to indicate that there were 10,000 to 20,000 feet of water on the surface of the earth, equivalent to more than half a billion cubic miles of liquid! Since, according to biblical accounts, it rained for forty days and forty nights, or for only 960 hours, the rain must have fallen at a rate of at least fifteen feet per hour, certainly enough to sink any aircraft carrier, much less an ark with thousands of animals on board.” – John Allen Paulos, Innumeracy, (Collins Publishers, 1988), p. 13.
17) How long was the ark afloat? If you think you know for sure, you haven’t read the Bible. It gives two very different answers.
“There are two versions of Noah’s flood in Genesis, one by the Yahwist and one by the Priestly author…. Among the more obvious disagreements between the two versions is that, in the Yahwist’s flood story, the ground was dry fifty-four days after the cessation of the rain, whereas the Priestly version kept Noah afloat for several more months.” – William Harwood, Mythology’s Last Gods: Yahweh and Jesus
, (Prometheus Books, 1992), p. 131-132.
18) An impotent God?
If God really sent the Flood to rid the earth of evil as Gen. 6
says He did, He failed. If there’s been any change for the better since the Flood, the Bible sure doesn’t record it. It seems God didn’t merely use a poor, overly complicated means to achieve His stated goal – He used an utterly ineffective one. But God, by definition, is perfect and all-powerful. The God of the Bible, therefore, is once again revealed to be a logical impossibility.
19) An insane God?
According to the Bible, God found man to be utterly evil and so sent the Flood to destroy him (Gen. 6:5-7
). After the Flood, God promises never again to smite all life not because man has become good or has improved in the least but precisely because man is evil (Gen. 8:21
). A situation which throws God into a murderous rage one time elicits God’s understanding and pardon another time. Such extreme, unpredictable capriciousness would probably merit hospitalization in a human. To attribute such behavior to a “perfect” being is absurd.
20) Noah’s God doesn’t keep His promises
At the end of the Flood story, God makes two promises which the Bible itself indicates He didn’t keep. A) “Neither will I again smite any more every living thing, as I have done.” (Gen. 8:21
) Yet later we find this: “I will utterly consume all things from off the land, saith the Lord. I will consume man and beast; I will consume the fowls of the heavens, and the fishes of the sea….” (Zep. 1:2-3
) B) “While the earth remains, seedtime and harvest… shall not cease.” (Gen. 8:22
) Really? Then how do we explain “And the famine was over all the face of the earth…” (Gen. 41:56
) and “For the famine has been in the land these two years; and there are yet five years in which there will be neither plowing nor harvest” (Gen. 45:6
)?
21) The problem of evolution
Those fundamentalists and Bible literalists who claim that the story of Noah and the Flood happened exactly as described in Genesis seem to be among the harshest critics of the scientific theory of evolution. For them, these questions: If we are all descended from a mere 8 people who lived less than 5000 years ago, why are we so varied a species? Why are there so many races and ethnic groups? Although you say you don’t believe in evolution, it seems you must actually believe in a rate of genetic drift, mutation, and change much faster than that which evolutionists themselves believe occurred. Explain.
22) The problem of cultural diversity
Just as the Bible’s Flood tale cannot plausibly account for human genetic diversity, neither can it account for human cultural diversity. The great civilizations of China, India, Africa, and the Americas simply did not spring from 8 people who got off a boat in the Middle East around 2400 B.C.
*
That’s all for now. Anyone looking for a bit of extra-credit can leave a note explaining how God prevented light and water from interacting to form rainbows before He created them as a sign of His promise to never send another Flood. Law students might take turns attempting to defend God from the charge that the innumerable smaller floods He’s sent since Noah’s time add up to a major breach of contract. Creative writing majors might want to attempt to reconcile Genesis with Neanderthal man and all the other findings of paleontologists.
And if anyone can show that Chinese civilization is traceable back to a boat on a mountain in Turkey, be sure to let me know. You’ll not only get a Nobel Prize or two – you’ll get an automatic “A” from me!

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